Fiqh of Hajj

1. Correctness of Intention: Highly Required for Full Reward

The correctness of intention is required in each and every act of Ibadah that we do. Every action that is done not desiring the Face of Allah is invalid and bearing no fruits in this world and in the Hereafter.

The Messenger of Allah (s) said in a famous Hadith of Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim:

“Indeed! Actions are by intentions, ”                                                       إنما الأعمال بالنيات

2. Three Types of Hajj:

1—Qiran: A pilgrim wears a combined Ihram for both Umrah and Hajj. In other words: Hajj combined with Umrah (one niyyah) without coming out of Ihram.

2—Tamattu’: A pilgrim wears Ihram for Umrah only during the months of Hajj, when he reaches Makkah, he makes Tawaf and Sa’ee for Umrah. He then shaves or clips his hair. On the eighth of Dhul-Hijjah, he puts on his Ihram for Hajj only and carries out all of its requirements. In Other Words: Hajj combined with Umrah with two niyyah, one for Umrah, and then one for Hajj.

3—Ifraad: A pilgrim wears Ihram for Hajj only. In other words: Hajj only (without Umrah)

 

FARAID, WAJIBAT AND SUNAN OF HAJJ

FARAID (THE DUITIES) OF HAJJ: They are three as given below:

• To assume Ihram: That is to form Niyyah (intention) to perform Hajj and to recite Talbiyah (Labbaik Allah huma Labbaik ………………. in full).
• Wuquf at Arafat: To stay at Arafat anytime, even if it is for a moment, from after Zawal (the moment after mid-day) of the 9^th Dhul Hijjah to the dawn of the 10^th Dhul Hijjah. This is the Rukn (an indispensable part) of Hajj. To begin Waquf immediately after Zawal is a sunnah.
• Tawafuz Zaiyarah: it may be performed anytime from the morning of the 10^th Dhul Hijjah till the sunset of the 12^th Dhul Hijjah after ritual shaving or clip hair. This is also a Rukn of Hajj.

 

Note:

• It is Wajib to perform every one of these Faraid in the prescribed order at its appointed time and place.
• If any of the three faraid are missed or omitted for any reason, Hajj would not be properly accomplished.

WAJIBAT OF HAJJ: Basically, there are six. Other related Wajibat will be discussed in detail at their proper place.

If any Wajib is left out intentionally or inadvertently, it does not make the Hajj invalid, but Jaza (reparation) will be due for the omission, in the form of Qurbani (animal sacrifice) or Sadaqah (giving food or corn as alms to the poor in a fixed quantity). It may, however, be kept in mind that omitting a Wajib without any excuse is a sin that cannot be absolved by Jaza unless the pilgrim repents and seeks forgiveness of Allah SWT. Therefore, one should be determined not to leave any Wajib.

The Six Wajibat:

• Wuquf at Muzdalifah: That is Qiyam (to stay) at the appointed time during that halt at Muzdalifah.
• Sa’ey (walking seven times) between the mountain of Safa and Marwah: It is Makruh (reprehensible) to delay Sa’ey till after the days prescribed for Qurbani but no Jaza will be due.
• Rami ul Jamar: Pelting at Jamarat.
• To offer a sacrifice: it is due only on a Hajj Qarin or a Mutamatti.
• Tawaful Wada (Farewell Tawaf): It is only due on Afaqi (non-resident of Makkah).

 

SUNNAN OF HAJJ: There is great reward for whosoever completes all rituals of Hajj according to sunnah. No Jaza is due if a pilgrim omits but it is bad and objectionable to omit a sunnah intentionally.

Here are the basic, fardh and wajib of: Ihraam, Tawaaf, and sa’i.

The conditions (shurut) for the validity of Ihram are:

1. a) Being a Muslim,
2. b) Intention of Ihram along with the recitation of Talbiya (or any other Dhikr on its place), at least once,

The Wajibs of Ihram are:

1. a) Making the intention of Ihram from the legal boundary (miqat),
2. b) Refraining from those acts that are prohibited whilst in Ihram,

The conditions for the validity of Tawaf are:

1. a) Being a Muslim,
2. b) Intention,
3. c) Performing the Tawaf in the Masjid al-Haram,
4. d) Performing the Tawaf around the Ka’ba,
5. e) Carrying out the most part of the seven rounds,

And additionally, in Hajj:

1. f) The specific time,
2. g) Preceding the Tawaf with the Wuquf of Arafa,
3. h) Preceding the Tawaf with the Ihram,

And the Wajibs in Tawaf are:

1. a) Ritual purity from major and minor impurities (hadath al-Akbar & hadath al-Asgar),
2. b) To cover the nakedness of the body (awra),
3. c) To perform Tawaf on foot for those who are capable,
4. d) To perform Tawaf with the Ka’ba being on one’s left side,
5. e) To not include the Hatim while performing Tawaf,
6. f) To start the Tawaf from Hajr al-Aswad, (some have stated this as a Sunnah),
7. g) To offer two Rak’ats of Tawaf after completion,

The integrals of Sa’i are:

1. a) To perform it between Safa and Marwa,
2. b) To perform Sa’i after the completion of Tawaf or most part of it,
3. c) To precede the Sa’i with the Ihram of Hajj or Umra,
4. d) To begin the Sa’i from Safa and to end at Marwa,
5. e) In Hajj, to perform the Sa’i in its time (Hajj days),
6. f) To perform most part of the Sa’i,
   (For detail read book: Manasic of Mulla Ali al-Qari, and Mu’allim al-Hujjaj)